|
The Sofia tram network began operation January 1, 1901. As of 2006, the tram system included approximately 〔 of narrow and standard gauge one-way track.〔 Most of the track is narrow gauge (), with standard gauge () used on lines 20, 22 and 23 and accounting for approximately of the system's track length.〔 == History == On 1 December 1898 the capital municipality gave concessions for building tram lines to French and Belgian companies. Construction took place for a little more than a year and the first tram line was inaugurated on 1 January 1901. Initially the population was served by 25 motor cars and 10 trailers which covered six lines with total length of and gauge of .〔 In the period between 1901 and 1931 large numbers of motor cars and trailers were purchased from different European manufacturers. In 1931 Bulgaria started building their own carriages under the supervision of the engineer Teodosiy Kardalev. These were known as ''Kardalev's carriages''. In 1936 the first Bulgarian motor cars were produced under the brand DTO (Дирекция на трамваите и осветлението - Direktsia na tramvaite i osvetlenieto: ''Department for trams and lighting'', owned by Sofia municipality). Initially old frames were used for the production.〔(''History of the Sofia tram'', Georgi Aleksandrov ), retrieved on 2009-10-04.〕 In 1934 the first large tram depot was built in the Krasno selo district. In 1951 there was constructed a factory to build newer model tram cars. This tram manufacturer (known as Трамваен завод - Tramvaen zavod: ''Tram plant'') was named "Трамкар" (Tramkar: ''Tram car'') in 1990 and was a registered company Tramkar till 2008. Through 1959 it produced 155 ''DTO'' and ''Republika'' motors, which were the first fully Bulgarian-built trams. The last tram, T8M-900 was delivered in 1991 and is still in use.〔 Since then the factory has been used to repair and renovate old trams. Sofia's first standard gauge tram line was opened in 1987. Until that time all lines were nominally metre gauge, but actually constructed to a width of . Eight years later, in 1995, the second standard gauge line was finished. No other tram lines have been built since then, as Sofia has focused its efforts on the construction of its metro system.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Trams in Sofia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|